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Case Report: Pelvic splenosis presented as pelvis mass and gross hematuria |
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James Jing, Run Wang J Integr Nephrol Androl 2017, 4:144 (29 December 2017) DOI:10.4103/jina.jina_20_17
Pevlic splenosis is a very rare condition, particularly when the condition is diagnosed during a hematuria workup. Hematuria can be caused by genitourinary system infection, urolithiasis, neoplasm, or trauma. Hematuria can be seen in patients with symptoms or without symptoms. The standard work-up for hematuria includes a computed tomography (CT) scan which can sometimes have incident findings that can make diagnosis difficult. We report a rare case of a 44-year-old patient with painless gross hematuria and the CT scan revealed a pelvic mass that was eventually confirmed to be a pelvic splenosis by a nuclear liver–spleen sulfur colloid scan.
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Case Report: Congenital anorchia: A report of two cases and a brief review of the literature |
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Swayamsidha Mangaraj, Arun Kumar Choudhury, Binoy Kumar Mohanty, Anoj Kumar Baliarsinha J Integr Nephrol Androl 2017, 4:141 (29 December 2017) DOI:10.4103/jina.jina_4_17
Congenital anorchia represents a rare form of testicular disorder. It classically refers to the absence of unilateral or bilateral testes in an otherwise normal genetic male. It is usually diagnosed in infancy due to the absence of testes with or without evidence of micropenis during routine health screening of the child. However, it can be identified at late stages while the person is being evaluated for delayed puberty and primary hypogonadism. Early identification and differentiation from cryptorchidism are essential from a therapeutic point of view. Apart from imaging studies, hormonal evaluation plays a crucial role in establishing the diagnosis.
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Case Report: Intravesical foreign body: The forgotten and forsaken diagnosis? a case report and review |
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Radwan Khalid Al-Okour, Hamzah M Al-Ghawanmeh, Mohammed Al-Ghazo J Integr Nephrol Androl 2017, 4:104 (28 September 2017) DOI:10.4103/jina.jina_11_17
Intravesical foreign bodies are rarely encountered in the practice of urology; they are the exception rather than the rule. Radiological imaging plays an important role in the diagnosis and management as it helps to determine the size, shape, number of foreign bodies as well as the possible complications. Treatment should aim to the removal of the foreign bodies and avoid complications whether by endoscopic or open approaches. Here, we present a case of a female child presented with chronic urinary symptoms found to have intravesical foreign with encrustation.
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Case Report: Micropapillary pattern in a case of multilocular cystic renal neoplasm of low malignant potential |
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Archana S Bhat, Muktha R Pai, Nisha J Marla, Manjunath Shetty, Joyce Jesudas J Integr Nephrol Androl 2017, 4:101 (28 September 2017) DOI:10.4103/jina.jina_37_16
Multilocular cystic renal neoplasm of low malignant potential, formerly known as multilocular cystic renal cell carcinoma, is a relatively uncommon renal neoplasm. The peculiarity of this neoplasm lies in the absence of expansile solid nodules. We report a case of this uncommon neoplasm with a focal micropapillary pattern, which is a very rare feature. To the best of our knowledge, there are no case reports emphasizing on the micropapillary pattern in case of multilocular cystic renal neoplasm of low malignant potential. We report a case of a 57-year-old female patient who presented with pain abdomen. Ultrasound and computerized tomography of abdomen revealed a multilocular cystic renal mass. The patient underwent right nephrectomy and the specimen was sent for histopathological examination. Grossly, the enlarged lower pole on cutting open showed multiloculated fluid-filled cyst with smooth inner walls. Microscopically, the tumor was composed of cysts lined by cells with clear cytoplasm and of Fuhrman nuclear Grade 1. A rare feature seen was the disposition of tumor cells in micropapillary pattern. The case was reported as multilocular cystic renal neoplasm of low malignant potential. This neoplasm needs special consideration due to its good prognosis and potential amenability to cure by nephron-sparing surgery. Also to be noted is that a multilocular cystic renal neoplasm of low malignant potential can have a micropapillary pattern too.
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Case Report: Malignant fibrous histiocytoma of the kidney |
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Sunita Singh, Yashika Bhatia, Jyoti Sharma, Rajeev Sen J Integr Nephrol Androl 2017, 4:67 (20 June 2017) DOI:10.4103/jina.jina_7_17 Primary renal malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH) is a rare tumor indistinguishable from renal cell carcinoma clinically and radiologically which can be differentiated only by histological and immunohistochemical studies. We report a case of primary renal MFH in a 40-year-old female who presented with left flank pain. Abdominal ultrasonography and computerized tomography revealed a well-defined renal mass. The contralateral kidney and renal functions were normal. Preoperative diagnosis was renal cell carcinoma and nephrectomy was performed. Histological examination and immunohistochemistry revealed MFH. |
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Case Report: Pregnancy-associated atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome: A case report and literature review |
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Yu Qiang Chen, Qin Xue, Nian Song Wang J Integr Nephrol Androl 2017, 4:63 (20 June 2017) DOI:10.4103/2394-2916.208577 Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS) is a rare disease of uncontrolled alternative pathway complement activation and pregnancy-associated aHUS (P-aHUS) is a more rare but life-threatening disorder. Besides gene screening, ADAMTS-13 detection and renal biopsy is helpful to establish diagnosis and prognosis assessment when kidney is involved. Combined liver-kidney transplant and eculizumab therapy has generally been the initial approach to this disease management besides therapeutic plasma exchange and plasma infusion. Though transplant and eculizumab therapy may be more effective than traditional therapy, it is much more expensive and not easily available. Herein we report a case of P-aHUS and our case indicates that plasma exchange and hemodialysis may be effective to P-aHUS for those not suitable/available for eculizumab treatment or transplant. |
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Case Report: Giant adrenal myelolipoma: A rare case report and review of literature |
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Rajeev Sen, Sumiti Gupta, Padam Parmar, Komal Brar, Meenu Gilotra, Veena Gupta J Integr Nephrol Androl 2017, 4:60 (20 June 2017) DOI:10.4103/2394-2916.208578 Myelolipomas are a rare benign variant of adipose tissue tumors with additional hematopoietic elements. In general, these tumors were discovered accidentally on autopsy with a low incidence. Adrenal gland is the most common site for myelolipoma. We reported a case of giant adrenal myelolipoma (>18 cm) which presented with vague, nonspecific pain which is worth mentioning because of its rarity and huge size.
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Case Report: Anaphylactic reaction during hemodialysis on polysulfone membrane in a patient receiving angiotensin II receptor antagonist |
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Ji Fang, Lin Feng, Hao Wang J Integr Nephrol Androl 2017, 4:29 (1 March 2017) DOI:10.4103/2394-2916.201278 Allergic reactions happened during hemodialysis (HD) on polysulfone membrane in a 59-year-old female patient who was being treated with an angiotensin II receptor antagonist, olmesartan, for aggravated hypertension. Anaphylactic reactions including itching, hypoxemia, and facial swelling appeared 1 h after starting the 6th session of HD and lasted for 30 min. When we changed dialyzer and stopped olmesartan for 4 days, the reactions disappeared. |
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Case Report: Atypical anti-glomerular basement membrane disease superimposed on IgA nephropathy |
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T Balasubramaniyan, Jeyachandran Dhanapriya, Thanigachalam Dineshkumar, Arcot Thanjan Maasila, Srinivasan Arivazhagan, Dhanasekaran Rajasekar, Ramanathan Sakthirajan, Natarajan Gopalakrishnan J Integr Nephrol Androl 2017, 4:26 (1 March 2017) DOI:10.4103/2394-2916.201277 Anti-glomerular basement membrane (anti-GBM) disease is an autoimmune disorder characterized by crescentic glomerulonephritis, pulmonary hemorrhage, and the presence of circulating anti-GBM antibodies which bind to the α3 chain of Type IV collagen found in the GBM. IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is the most common form of primary glomerulonephritis worldwide. The simultaneous occurrence of atypical anti-GBM disease and IgAN has not been reported previously. We report here two female patients who presented with oliguria, hypertension, and renal failure. Renal biopsy revealed crescentic glomerulonephritis and bright linear IgG staining along glomerular capillary walls and mesangial IgA (3+) deposits in immunofluorescence. Serology was negative for anti-GBM antibodies both by ELISA and immunoblot assays. Hence, a diagnosis of atypical anti-GBM disease with superimposed IgAN was made. Both patients were treated with hemodialysis, intravenous steroids, and cyclophosphamide with the improvement of renal function in one patient and the other progressed to end-stage renal disease. |
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